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Regret Aversion & Decision Paralysis

Understanding Regret

Regret: Painful emotional experience when realizing a different decision would have produced better outcome.

Anticipated Regret: Expected future regret influences current decisions.

Types of Regret

Regret of Commission ("I shouldn't have done that"):

  • Selling stock that then doubles
  • Buying stock that crashes
  • Active decision that fails

Regret of Omission ("I should have done that"):

  • Didn't buy stock that doubled
  • Didn't sell before crash
  • Inaction that missed opportunity

Psychological Asymmetry: Regret of commission hurts MORE than regret of omission, even with identical outcomes.

Regret in Investment Decisions

Paralysis & Inaction

Fear of Wrong Choice → Do nothing.

Examples:

  • Won't buy (might fall)
  • Won't sell (might rise)
  • Result: Freeze, miss opportunities

Evidence: Investors who experience large losses often stop trading entirely for months (regret paralysis).

Disposition Effect

Mechanism: Selling winners (avoid potential regret of losing gains) while holding losers (avoid regret of realizing loss).

Result: Lock in small gains, let losses run—opposite of optimal.

Regret Logic:

  • Sell winner: "I won't regret taking profit"
  • Hold loser: "If I sell and it recovers, I'll regret it

"

Herding by Regret

Social Regret: Losing alone HURTS MORE than losing with crowd.

Logic: "If everyone bought and lost, it's okay. If I alone bought and lost, I'm stupid."

Result: Follow crowd to minimize potential social regret, even when private info suggests otherwise.

Example: During bubbles, many investors know prices irrational but buy anyway ("Everyone's doing it, if I miss out I'll regret it").

Excessive Diversification

Fear: Regretting wrong stock choice.

Reaction: "Buy everything"—over-diversification to minimal distinct positions.

Result: Returns diluted, become index-hugger without index fund's low cost.


Key Takeaways

  • Regret aversion: Fear of future regret powerfully influences decisions
  • Commission hurts more: Active mistakes feel worse than passive misses
  • Paralysis: Fear of regret causes inaction, missed opportunities
  • Disposition effect: Sell winners (avoid losing gains), hold losers (avoid admitting mistake)
  • Herding: Losing with crowd less regrettable than losing alone
  • Mitigation: Pre-commitment rules, process focus, self-compassion, probabilistic thinking

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